Current Student-Athletes - Drug Policy and Testing - Murray State University Athletics

2013-2014 NCAA Banned Substances List

(Effective August 1, 2008, Revised August 1, 2013)

Murray State University is committed to a strong intercollegiate athletics program. Intercollegiate athletics provides an additional avenue for students to participate in the benefits of higher education. In addition, such a program can bring recognition and pride to the University and the campus community, and foster support from its alumni and others in the surrounding area.
Murray State University is concerned about misuse of drugs by any of its students. The impact of drug use on intercollegiate athletics is also a matter of concern. Because drug use in intercollegiate athletics can significantly affect student-athletes, the athletics program, and the University, the Murray State University Department of Athletics adopts this Drug Education, Testing, and Treatment Program.

PURPOSE
1. The primary purposes of the drug education, testing and treatment program (Program) for intercollegiate student-athletes are:
  1. To deter drug use among student-athletes by education, testing, and counseling;
  2. To educate student-athletes on the physiological and psychological dangers inherent in the misuse of drugs;
  3. To protect student-athletes from the health related risks inherent in the misuse of drugs;
  4. To protect student-athletes, and others whom they compete against, from potential injury as a result of the misuse of drugs;
  5. To provide a testing program to identify student-athletes who are improperly using drugs and to assist them, through education and counseling, before they injure themselves or others or become physiologically or psychologically dependent;
  6. To provide a mechanism to support student-athletes if confronted with the pressure to use drugs; and
  7. To foster integrity in intercollegiate athletics at Murray State University.
2. This Intercollegiate Athletics Drug Education, Testing and Treatment Program (including any sanction phase) are separate and distinct from the NCAA Drug Testing program and its sanction phases. This policy is also in addition to other University policies, including the prohibition against distribution, possessing, and using controlled substances in general and specifically in University housing. Violation of this Intercollegiate Athletics Drug Education, Testing and Treatment Program could result in violation of and penalties under other University policies.
3. Participation in intercollegiate athletics at Murray State University is voluntary. Any student-athlete choosing to participate in intercollegiate athletics is choosing to abide by all terms of the Program and consents to all aspects of the Program. Each student-athlete participating in intercollegiate athletics will acknowledge his/her consent by signing the “Certificate of Clearance for Substance Abuse Testing,” a copy of which is attached as Appendix A, and the Waiver and Release of Liability, a copy of which is attached as B-1 and B-2. It will be understood that any student-athlete who does not sign the Certificate of Clearance is voluntarily withdrawing from intercollegiate athletics at Murray State University. In addition, a copy of this policy may be provided to every student-athlete and his/her parent or guardian at their request before he/she signs a letter of intent or otherwise becomes a student-athlete at Murray State University.
4. For purposes of this policy, a “student-athlete” is a student whose enrollment was solicited by a member of the athletics staff or other person with a view toward the student’s ultimate participation in the intercollegiate athletics program. Any other student becomes a student-athlete only when the student reports for an intercollegiate squad that is under the jurisdiction of the athletics department.
SAFE HARBOR

Any student-athlete may refer himself/herself for evaluation or counseling by contacting the Director of Athletics, Head Coach, or Head Athletics Trainer. This arrangement is called Safe Harbor because it is strictly confidential, subject to the provisions of Section VII below, and no team or administrative sanctions are imposed upon the student-athlete who has made a personal decision to seek professional assistance. Upon entry of the Safe Harbor program, the student-athlete will undergo drug testing in order to establish base line levels for any substances hereunder. The student athlete will be required to have a onetime consultation with the substance abuse counselor selected by the athletic department. Any testing after entering Safe Harbor which does not result in a negative result hereunder will be referred to the testing lab for evaluation as to continued use. If in the opinion of the lab, the test result is indicative of continued use, the test will be considered a positive test and an “occurrence,” and appropriate sanctions will be applied. The period of safe harbor will terminate after a negative test is obtained or after a test is obtained indicating continued use. A student-athlete may not initiate Safe Harbor after they have been informed of their participation in an impending drug test. The one time counseling session will be paid for by the athletic department. A student-athlete may enter Safe Harbor only one time.

DRUG EDUCATION

Each team and coaching staff will meet as often as necessary, but no less than once per year, with personnel to discuss the dangers of drug and alcohol abuse. The requirements of the Program as well as NCAA drug testing policies will be discussed. However, NCAA drug-testing is independent of the MSU Program. Attendance at these meetings will be mandatory.

A copy of the MSU Program will be given to each student-athlete.
As provided in Section I B above, each student-athlete choosing to participate in intercollegiate athletics will be required to acknowledge receipt and understanding of this Program and provide consent to the administration of the urinalysis testing required by the Program and release of information to particular individuals.
Student-athletes are free to refuse to consent to drug testing under this Program. However, student-athletes who decline will not be signed for an athletic grant-in-aid or be permitted to participate in intercollegiate athletics at MSU. If grant-in-aid has been awarded, proper steps may be taken to review or revoke said financial aid. The Department of Athletics will notify the student-athlete before any such action is taken and the student-athlete may utilize the procedures outlined under Section VI.
Changes may be made periodically to the Program. Any such changes will be promptly brought to the attention of student-athletes. Student-athletes are encouraged to ask questions or make suggestions at any time regarding the Program. Due to the importance of the Program to the well-being of student-athletes, the Department of Athletics, the University, and all participants must take the Program seriously.

The Program addresses more than just drugs which are illegal. Prohibited substances include drugs which may be prescribed or purchased in retail stores or over the internet.
Murray State University reserves the right to test for any drug listed on the NCAA Banned Drug List, as well as any masking agent or urine manipulator. A student-athlete, during the period of his or her eligibility to participate in intercollegiate athletics, may not use the drugs specified in the list compiled by the National Collegiate Athletics Association. This ban also applies to NCAA championships and post-season events certified by the NCAA. The list is published each year in the NCAA manual and is updated as needed. The current list can be referenced on the NCAA Website (www.NCAA.org). A copy of the list is available from the MSU Athletic Department upon request.
If an otherwise prohibited drug is being used pursuant to the prescription of a physician, the patient may continue to participate in athletics if: (a) with respect to possible risks to the health of the patient, the attending physician certifies in writing that specified athletic activity safely may be undertaken and the patient executes a prescribed waiver which relieves Murray State University of any responsibility for illness or injury attributable to engagement in athletic activity while using the prescribed medication; and (b) with respect to possible performance-enhancing effects, the patient’s attending physician, in consultation with Murray State University’s medical and athletic authorities, implements a schedule of medication that precludes such performance-enhancing effects during times relevant to intercollegiate athletic competition.

DRUG TESTING PROCEDURES
1. By agreeing to participate in this Program and in intercollegiate athletics at Murray State University, a student-athlete agrees to submit to any tests prescribed by Murray State University to reveal the use of any of the substances referred to in III D(2) above. No such test will be administered unless the student-athlete first has signed an individual notification form which expressly identifies the specific test that he or she has been asked to undergo, and the specified time and date. The basic test to be used for drug screening is a urinalysis. Other types of tests from time to time may be utilized to determine the presence of drugs. The protocols required by the testing lab will be followed, as delineated here in Appendix A.
2. The testing based on urinalysis will be implemented as follows:
  1. Announced team testing.

All student-athletes on a team may be tested during the pre-participation physicals for their respective varsity sport, at the beginning of their team’s competitive season, and before any post season competition.

Unannounced random testing

All student-athletes may be subject to periodic unannounced random testing.
Specifically, on various occasions during the academic year, a percentage of the members of each team will be selected, at random, to be tested. The selection of individuals will be made through a blind drawing of names from the team roster by the Head Athletics Trainer or his designate upon notification from the Director of Athletics or his/her designate of the date on which the testing of selected members of a particular team is to be conducted. The list of persons so selected for testing will be compiled by the Head Athletics Trainer by 3 p.m. on the day before the scheduled testing. Each affected student-athlete shall be given written notice by the Head Athletics Trainer. In the event the student-athlete is not readily available, coaches may be used to notify the individual and paperwork done as soon as convenient before the testing. Such notification shall be accomplished by delivery to the affected student-athlete of two copies of the “Notification of Scheduled Random Controlled Substance Testing by Urinalysis. Upon receipt, the student-athlete will sign both notifications; one will be returned to the University and the other will be retained by the student-athlete.

Testing in response to individualized reasonable suspicion
1. A student-athlete may be subject to testing at any time when, in the judgment of the Athletic Director, in consultation with the team physician, head coach, and athletic trainer, there is reasonable suspicion to suspect the student-athlete is engaged in the use of any of the drugs prohibited by this policy. A determination that reasonable suspicion exists to require testing must be based on specific, contemporaneous, articulable observations concerning the appearance, behavior, speech, or body odor of the student-athlete.
2. If individualized reasonable suspicion is found to exist, the Director of Athletics, or his designate, will meet with the student-athlete. At that meeting, the Director or his designate will provide written notice specifying the date, time and place at which the student-athlete will be tested unless the student-athlete provides an explanation for his behavior which is satisfactory to the Athletic Director. Notice of testing will be given by providing the student-athlete with two copies of the notification. The student-athlete will sign both copies; one will be returned to the University and the other will be kept by the student-athlete.
3. When an individual is arrested for or found to be in possession and/or using drugs which are the subject of this policy, it will be treated as reasonable suspicion within the meaning of Section IV. Distribution (selling or transferring to others) will be handled on an individual basis, which may result in permanent team dismissal and loss of athletics scholarship aid at the earliest possible moment consistent with NCAA Rules. In addition, the University will abide by all applicable laws and rules for reporting acts of possession or distributing.
Consequences of failure to participate in or cooperate with testing.

If the student-athlete declines to execute the required individual notification form or to appear for the scheduled testing, it will be treated as an “occasion” of impermissible use within the meaning of Section V for purposes of cumulative sanctions. The procedures prescribed in Section VI(C) apply to such a cancellation.
1. If the student-athlete fails within a reasonable period of time to produce a required urine specimen, eligibility to participate in intercollegiate athletics will be suspended until the student-athlete produces the required specimen under conditions prescribed by the Head Athletics Trainer. The period of suspension may be extended indefinitely upon failure to produce the required specimen on subsequently rescheduled testing dates. The procedures prescribed in Section VI(C) apply to any such suspension exceeding one week.
2. Evidence supplied by either the testing lab or the collection crew that a sample has been tampered with shall be deemed to be an “occasion” of impermissible drug use within the meaning of Section V for purposes of cumulative sanctions.
3. An exception to the foregoing will exist in the event the required specimen cannot be produced due to documented medical reasons. In that event, the student-athlete will be accommodated appropriately in producing a specimen.

V. CONSEQUENCES OF IMPERMISIBLE DRUG USE

First Occasion

Confidential meeting to evaluate the nature and extent of drug involvement. The student-athlete will be required to meet privately with the Director of Athletics (or his designee), Compliance Officer and Head Athletic Trainer to explain the policy and answer questions. In eliciting information from the student-athlete, responses are to be oral, are not to be given under oath, and are to be revealed only to persons authorized by the student-athlete and the parents or guardian of the student-athlete. No other persons or agencies will be given information except in response to a valid subpoena or court order or as otherwise may be required by law or as allowed here.

Follow-up testing. The student-athlete will be subject to additional testing. Subsequent testing must show a discontinuance of use, as determined by the testing lab. If subsequent testing does not reveal a discontinuance of use, as determined by the testing lab, the results will be treated as a separate occasion for purposes of this Program. Any questions as to the significance of any levels will be referred to proper professionals for evaluation. Testing will continue until such time as the student-athlete has tested negative three consecutive times.

Suspension or discontinuation of athletic eligibility. Even with respect to a first positive test result or other basis for a first occasion, if the problem is deemed by the Head Coach or Director of Athletics to be sufficiently serious the student-athlete may be suspended from athletic participation for a stated interval of time. The student-athlete, while serving this suspension, is still responsible for all team and department rules, will still be able to practice and workout with the team, and will still be eligible for academic support offered by the department. Depending upon the seriousness of the circumstances, the student-athlete may have his or her eligibility for further athletic participation canceled by the institution. If eligibility is canceled, a student-athlete will not be eligible for renewal of any athletic scholarship, and an existing scholarship may be subject to cancellation. Any such suspension or cancellation may be imposed only in accordance with the procedures specified in Section VI. The parents or guardians of students-athletes will be notified of any such suspension or cancellation of eligibility.
Notification of parents or guardians. The parents or guardians of the student-athlete will be informed by the student-athlete, in the presence of the Director of Athletics or his designee, of the known facts concerning drug abuse and of the conditions to be imposed by Murray State University in response to those facts.

The student-athlete will be required to meet with the Substance Abuse Counselor from the agency used by MSU Athletics for baseline evaluation of the situation. This meeting is at the student-athlete’s expense and must occur within 14 days from the date of notification of the positive test.

Second Occasion

Notification of parents or guardians. The parents or guardians of the student-athlete will be informed by the student-athlete, in the presence of the Director of Athletics or his designee, of the known facts concerning drug abuse and of the conditions to be imposed by Murray State University in response to those facts.
Counseling and rehabilitation. As a minimum, the student-athlete will be required to enroll in a drug counseling program which meets the approval of Murray State University. The nature and extent of counseling and/or other medical intervention that may be required will depend on the nature of the individual’s drug involvement and the opinion of the person or entity providing the counseling. This counseling will be at the expense of the student-athlete.
Suspension or loss of eligibility. The student athlete will be suspended from team activity for an indefinite period of time to be determined by the Head Coach with final approval from the AD. Disciplinary action taken will correspond with the student-athletes degree of failure to meet overall team and departmental expectations and responsibilities. Depending upon the particular facts, remaining eligibility may be canceled. If eligibility is canceled, a student-athlete will not be eligible for renewal of any athletic scholarship, and an existing scholarship may be subject to cancellation. Any such suspension or cancellation may be imposed only in accordance with the procedures specified in Section VI.
Follow-up testing. The student-athlete will be subjected to additional mandatory testing for a period of one (1) year. Subsequent testing must show discontinuance of use, as determined by the testing lab. If subsequent testing does not reveal discontinuance of use, as determined by the testing lab, the results will be treated as a separate occasion for purposes of this Program. Any questions as to the significance of any levels will be referred to proper professionals for evaluation.

Third Occasion

Notification of parents or guardians. The parents or guardians of the student-athlete will be informed by the student-athlete, in the presence of the Director of Athletics or his designee, of the known facts concerning drug abuse and of the conditions to be imposed by Murray State University in response to those facts.
Suspension or loss of eligibility. The athletic eligibility of the student-athlete will be suspended indefinitely pending case history review by the Athletic Director. Depending on the particular facts of the case, remaining eligibility may be cancelled or a process for reinstatement outlined for the individual. Additional or other disciplinary actions may also be levied at this time. Any such cancellation may be imposed only in accordance with the procedures specified in Section VI.
Counseling and rehabilitation. A student-athlete upon occasion three will continue to seek assistance from established University counseling and medical resources otherwise available to students incident to their enrollment at Murray State University. Such services will continue on a regularly scheduled basis for the remainder of the student-athlete’s tenure with the Department.
Further violations of the policy will result in immediate and definite suspension and loss of aid without the possibility for reinstatement.

In addition to other provisions of the Program, in the event of a preliminary determination of improper drug use that may threaten the health of the student-athlete or of other participants in athletics, athletic participation (training, practice, or competition) shall be discontinued immediately, pending a medical determination as to the fitness of the student-athlete to resume participation in athletic activities. Drug testing may occur in the event facts give rise to reasonable suspicion of drug use.

VI.          PROCEDURES FOR IMPOSING SANCTIONS
      In addition to the preceding, sanctions and other consequences may be imposed only in accordance with the procedures here prescribed.
A. Written notice. Before any consequences are imposed, the student-athlete will be given written notice by the Director of Athletics or his designate of the intention to take action, of the reasons for the proposed action, and of the right of the affected student-athlete to offer an explanation for the conduct in question. The student-athlete will be informed of the right to request review or a hearing on the sanction imposed.
B. Review for first occasion.
1.   A student-athlete testing positive for, or otherwise involved in a situation giving rise to, a first occasion may seek review.
2.   A student-athlete seeking review will, within 3 days of receiving the written notice described in paragraph VI A, provide written reasons in support of the review to the Director of Athletics who will forward them to the Committee described below.   The Director of Athletics may respond within 3 days. The Director of Athletics will provide a copy of any response to the Committee and to the student-athlete.
3.   The Committee will decide the review promptly based on the statements provided. The review of the Committee will be final.
4.   This provision does not apply in the event of a suspension or cancellation of eligibility in connection with a first occurrence. An appeal may be taken in that instance pursuant to the provisions of paragraph VI C.
C. Appeal in the event of suspension or cancellation.
1.   A student-athlete may utilize these procedures in the event the penalties of suspension, cancellation of eligibility, or cancellation of financial aid are imposed.
2.   Request for hearing or waiver of hearing. A student-athlete may obtain a hearing by addressing a request in writing to the Director of Athletics within three calendar days after receiving the written notice referred to in Section VI(A) above. However, following receipt of written notice, the student-athlete may signify in writing his or her intention not to request a hearing. Such hearing will be held promptly and, absent good cause, within 5 business days of the request.
3.   Hearing
a.   Hearing committee
      If an affected student-athlete requests a hearing, it shall be afforded before a committee consisting of the Faculty Representative of the Athletics Department and two persons appointed by the Vice President for Student Affairs.
b.   Conduct of hearing
      The hearing shall be convened within five (5) business days after it is requested. The hearing shall be conducted in private, and only the following may be in attendance: the members of the committee; the affected student-athlete and an advisor of his or her choice (if desired); the Director of Athletics or his delegate, accompanied by an advisor of his or her choice (if desired); any witness who is testifying. The Director of Athletics, or his/her delegate, shall present evidence in support of the proposed action. The affected student-athlete may be present to hear and review all evidence presented in support of the proposed sanction, to challenge such evidence, and to present other evidence in his or her own defense. The burden shall be on the Director of Athletics (or his designee) to prove, by a preponderance of the evidence, that prohibited conduct in fact occurred and, in the event of suspension or cancellation of eligibility or aid in connection with a first occurrence, cancellation of eligibility or aid in connection with a second occurrence, or penalties imposed in connection with an incident of distribution of drugs, that the proposed action is justified. The hearing shall be recorded. The committee may develop such other rules of procedure as it deems appropriate. After hearing all such evidence as it deems relevant, the committee shall deliberate in private for the purpose of making findings of fact. The findings and conclusions shall be based exclusively on information supplied at the hearing. Within three days after it concludes its inquiry, the committee shall report its conclusions concerning the facts.
c.   Although the student-athlete and Director of Athletics each may be accompanied by an advisor before the committee, who may be an attorney, the advisor will not be allowed to participate in the hearing. The role of the advisor will be limited solely to providing advice to the individual accompanied.
d.   If the Athletic Director or student-athlete is dissatisfied with the results of this proceeding, review may be requested by appealing to the Vice President for Student Affairs within 5 days of the date of the decision of the committee. Any such appeal shall be based solely on the record developed before the committee and the burden will be on the appealing party to demonstrate the decision of the committee was clearly erroneous. The decision of the Vice President for Student Affairs will be final. A final decision in favor of the student-athlete, at any level, on the issue of a violation of this Program shall result in the destruction of all records regarding the positive test results, or other facts relating to the alleged violation, and proposed sanctions.
VII. CONFIDENTIALITY OF INFORMATION CONCERNING DRUG USE
A. Any information concerning a student-athlete’s alleged or confirmed improper use of drugs or other violations of this Program, solicited or received pursuant to implementation of this Program, shall be restricted to release to persons to whom the student-athlete has consented. No other release of such information will be made without the student-athlete’s written consent, unless in response to appropriate judicial process or as otherwise required by law.
B. The University cannot guarantee that law enforcement or prosecutorial authorities will not gain access to information in the possession of the institution, since a valid subpoena or other court order might be issued to compel disclosure; the University, however, will not voluntarily disclose such information in the absence of proper judicial process unless otherwise required by law or unless otherwise allowed hereunder.
VIII. IMPROPER PROVISION OF DRUGS BY INSTITUTIONAL PERSONNEL
A. No officer, employee, or agent of Murray State University may supply to any student-athlete or otherwise encourage or induce any student-athlete improperly to use any drug that may endanger an athlete or affect athletic ability or performance, except as specific drugs may be prescribed by qualified medical personnel for the treatment of individual student-athletes.
B. Any person who has information about a possible violation of this prohibition should report such information promptly to the Director of Athletics, who shall have authority to investigate the allegation and to seek appropriate disciplinary proceedings against anyone who is determined to have violated this prohibition.

Appendix A
Sample Collection Protocols
1.   Upon entering the collection station, the athlete will provide photo identification and/or a client representative/site coordinator will identify the athlete and the athlete will officially enter the station.
2.   The athlete will select a sealed collection beaker from a supply of such and will record his/her initials on the collection beaker’s lid.
3.   A collector, serving as validator, will monitor the furnishing of the specimen by observation in order to assure the integrity of the specimen until a volume of at least 50 mL is provided (85-100 mL if testing for anabolic steroids - depending on which steroid panel is selected).
4.   Validators who are of the same gender as the athlete must observe the voiding process and should be members of the official drug-testing crew. The procedure does not allow for validators to stand outside the immediate area or outside the restroom. The athlete must urinate in full view of the validator (validator must observe flow of urine). The validator must request the athlete raise his/her shirt high enough to observe the midsection area completely ruling out any attempt to manipulate or substitute a sample.
5.   Athletes may not carry any item other than his/her beaker into the restroom when providing a specimen. Any problem or concern should be brought to the attention of the collection crew chief or client representation for documentation. Athletes are required to wash and dry hands prior to and following urination.
6.   Once a specimen is provided, the athlete is responsible for keeping the collection beaker closed and controlled.
7.   Fluids and food given to athletes who have difficulty voiding must be from sealed containers (approved by the collector) that are opened and consumed in the station. These items must be caffeine- and alcohol-free and free of any other banned substances.
8.   If the specimen is incomplete, the athlete must remain in the collection station until the sample is completed. During this period, the athlete is responsible for keeping the collection beaker closed and controlled.
9.   If the specimen is incomplete and the athlete must leave the collection station for a reason approved by the collector, specimen must be discarded.
10. Upon return to the collection station, the athlete will begin the collection procedure again.
11. Once an adequate volume of the specimen is provided, the collector who monitored the furnishing of the specimen by observation will sign that the specimen was directly validated and a collector will check the specific gravity and if in range measure the pH of the urine in the presence of the athlete.
12. If the urine has a specific gravity below 1.005 (1.010 if measured with a reagent strip), the specimen will be discarded by the athlete. The athlete must remain in the collection station until another specimen is provided. The athlete will provide another specimen.
13. If the urine has a pH greater than 7.5 (with reagent strip) or less than 4.5 (with reagent strip), the specimen will be discarded by the athlete. The athlete must remain in the collection station until another specimen is provided. The athlete will provide another specimen.
14. If the urine has a specific gravity above 1.005 (1.010 if measured with a reagent strip) and the urine has a pH between 4.5 and 7.5 inclusive, the specimen will be processed and sent to the laboratory.
15. The laboratory will make final determination of specimen adequacy.
16. If the laboratory determines that an athlete’s specimen is inadequate for analysis, at the client’s discretion, another specimen may be collected.
17. If an athlete is suspected of manipulating specimens (e.g., via dilution), the client will have the authority to perform additional tests on the athlete.
18. Once a specimen has been provided that meets the on-site specific gravity and pH parameters, the athlete will select a specimen collection kit and a uniquely numbered Chain of Custody Form from a supply of such.
19. A collector will record the specific gravity and pH values.
20. The collector will pour approximately 35 mL of the specimen into the “A vial” and the remaining amount (approximately 15 mL) into the “B vial” (another A=35 mL, B=15 mL in a second split sample kit or A=35 mL for a single sample for anabolic steroid testing, which will be shipped to a WADA accredited laboratory) in the presence of the athlete.
21. The collector will place the cap on each vial in the presence of the athlete; the collector will then seal each vial in the required manner under the observation of the athlete and witness (if present).
22. Vials and forms (if any) sent to the laboratory shall not contain the name of the athlete.
23. All sealed specimens will be secured in a shipping case. The collector will prepare the case for forwarding.
24. The athlete, collector and witness (if present) will sign certifying that the procedures were followed as described in the protocol. Any deviation from the procedures must be described and recorded. If deviations are alleged, the athlete will be required to provide another specimen.
25. After the collection has been completed, the specimens will be forwarded to the laboratory and copies of any forms forwarded to the designated persons.
26. The specimens become the property of the client.
27. If the athlete does not comply with the collection process, the collector CONFIDENTIALLY will notify the client representative/site coordinator and third party administrator responsible for management of the drug-testing program.
28. On occasion, a client may choose to test using a single specimen kit. The collector will follow the split specimen procedures up to the point where the athlete selects a sealed kit. With a single specimen kit, the collector will instruct the athlete to provide at least 40 mL of urine allowing for a 5 mL pour-off to measure specific gravity and pH on site. A single A vial will be processed and transported to the laboratory for analysis.